Top-down method is a rapid method which enables builders to construct the substructure and superstructure simultaneously. Likewise it is used as an excavation stabilization method in cases where you can’t or you are not allowed to use the other geotechnical methods such as soil nailing and soil anchorage.

Different types of barriers are used to avoid mortal results of falling large and small rock or debris. Determining the determination of the potential falling rock weights and the calculation of the impact energy is the key point to decide the type of the barrier.

Shotcrete is a process of spraying concrete to the soil faced walls to create a concrete facing for reducing erosion and weathering of soil and rock. Also it is a structural part in soil stabilizing methods and tunneling as well. It could be reinforced by steel or PP fibers and steel wire mesh.

Diaphragm walls are continues adjacent concrete walls to reduce mainly the underground water seepage and apart of engineering load-bearing elements to stabilize deep excavations with a strong vertical facing.